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Six years ago, two communities in New York – one in Brooklyn and one in Rockland County – the United States saw decades. The measles was abolished from the country in 2000, but 2019 has declared the nation the nearest to lose its status.
Now, the outbreak of measles in western Texas and New Mexico is increasing. Testing sites and vaccines have opened in clinic spreading areas, and US centers arrived in Texas last week to control and prevent diseases to support the response. Nevertheless, local health officials say the spread can continue for months.
In 2019, Swift retained efforts to prevent measles virus, bringing the country back from the edge. The reaction is focused on the unique needs of the communities that were at risk, which are pursuing healthcare activities, which supported regular policy changes. Experts say the way in which the spread in New York has been emphasized that the importance of the All -Hand on -Deck approach has been identified to prevent the spread of other outbreaks.
The outbreak in New York, which began in late 2018 and remained for most parts of 2019, was concentrated in the Orthodox Jewish communities, who have been subjected to anti -vaccine disinformation for years.
Healthcare experts who were part of the ground reaction say that building confidence in society was probably the most important part of their work as it created opportunities to better use the most important tool available: vaccine.
The alliance of organizations focusing on reducing the risk in the source, “is the most important way to avoid this catastrophic disease that can be measles.” He was then involved in responding to the spread of measles in 2018 and 2019 as a US centers for controlling diseases working outside the New York City Health Department and prevention employee.
Two doses of measles vaccine are 97 % effective for preventing the disease, and the exemption from the shot is lasting. Since the measles is so contagious, federal health agencies say 95 % vaccination rates are needed to avoid spread.
Thousands of people were vaccinated in New York. According to one, efforts to promote the vaccine have increased the rates in young children in Brooklyn Palace. Study. But this process took time.
“As soon as we would like to vaccinate people were,” said Dr. Oxair Barbot, president and chief executive officer of the United Hospital Fund, a focusing on improving health care in New York City. She was the city’s health commissioner during the measles outbreak between 2018 and 2019.
He said, “I think it took more time we expected, but how hard the degree in this community has become and we really talked about the degree against which we are fighting.” “That’s why it is important to rely on reliable messengers so that people can get it easier to vaccinate and have leaders who guide the importance of vaccination. I cannot really boost its importance.
Vora said New York City also took advantage of a strong vaccine registry, which helped public health workers identify people who were at most risk and focus on their efforts.
“One of my major concerns is that other circle powers in the country are not as good as we are in New York City, so when they face the spread, they face even more problems that we control,” he said.
Barbut said the task requires a very individual approach, workers knocked directly at the doors and took time to answer questions about vaccination.
“Certainly there were many people where we went to their homes to vaccinate. There were instances where we must have secretly left, so that their neighbors do not know that they are being dropped to those who dropped them.
The measles vaccine can cause rapid immunity – it only takes a few weeks to reach its full effect – and efforts in New York have ended.
A former modeling Study It is learned that vaccination campaigns during the outbreak of measles in New York City have avoided even more rising cases in matters. According to Dr. Wan Yang’s report by Dr. Wan Yang, Assistant Professor of Epidemology at the University of Columbia University’s Melman School of Public Health, the outbreak could have been at least 10 times worse, with 649 cases reported by the city, with 8,100 people infections, according to a report by the University of Columbia.
But once an epidemic begins, experts say, the only factor in increasing the vaccination rate is not the only factor to consider. The results from Yang’s study also show that “measles groups” – where children are deliberately brought to spread the disease with the purpose of creating immunity – sharp spread.
Newborns are usually the most sensitive to measles infection because they are usually not eligible to vaccinate until the age of 1. At the beginning of the spread in September 2018, Yang’s work shows that more than half of the infant in the community, as well as a quarter of children aged 1 and 4, were the most sensitive.
According to Yang’s study, preliminary vaccination campaigns reduced the sensitivity rates by about 10 percent points by the end of December, and efforts “are currently seen effectively adding the epidemic.” Estimates show that each new case was linked to only one additional case at the end of the year, which is probably less enough to avoid any epidemic.
But in the early months of 2019, transmission chains increased rapidly, which can explain it faster than changes in sensitivity to vaccination rates, which shows that the contact rates, especially in young children, have increased.
Yang said the measles outbreak is “dynamic”. “This is not just sensitivity that is determining how many new issues you are getting. It is also related to how people are talking to each other.
Statistics show that some important points increased the number of vaccines: for example, around the beginning of the academic year, and when the city released the mandate that children living in some zip codes should be vaccinated to attend school or day care.
Barbut said that this deep work requires a permanent, deck view with all hands. The only situation for which dedicated staff and time needed a comparative amount was the Koide -19 response.
In April 2019, about five months after reports of preliminary cases of measles in New York, officials of both New York City and Rockland County declared an emergency due to measles-the move that was already unusual before the Coid 19 pandemic diseases.
“The emergency declaration provided us resources that we need on the ongoing basis to ensure that the lack of resources was not because we could not eliminate the epidemic,” Barbot said.
Experts say that government mandate and emergency announcements supported more informal work that is already happening on the ground. Strong relations were established between health workers and reliable community leaders to help widespread communication strategies to remove unknown information about vaccines, as well as misunderstandings about measles about misunderstandings about being a benign disease.
Dr. Blaima Marks, a nurse practitioner at the Belio Hospital Center, used his skills to travel with a culturally sensitive approach to healthcare providers and a member of the Orthodox Jewish community.
He said, “I think the only thing that can really help is when you can find resources to mobilize your own community and knock on the doors, literally and symbolically, as far as they are and will slowly begin to change the story.” “The idea that there is no questioning and the vaccine’s deep questions are not answered – that’s wrong, and [that notion] There is a part of it we were hoping to change.
Marcus helped development Labor Information about measles-Mumps-Robela (MMR) vaccine, which was divided into 10,000 homes, is especially designed to deal with anti-vaccination messaging that was entering the community and reaching people who are less inclined to find information through digital media.
He and other members of the community knew that they would have to respond to the rapidly changing situation – solving misinformation with the strategy and focusing on certain parts of the society because of this – and they were moving faster than regular government system.
“Even if you have emergency financing, it is not as emergency as we really need,” said Marx.
When the spread was announced, Rockland County was to 312 certified cases And New York City had 649. No deaths were reported from the measles during the outbreak.
The current outbreak has not yet reached this size. This year, about 230 measles cases have been identified in the outbreak in western Texas and nearby New Mexico County, which confirmed the first case a month and a half ago and two deaths of measles victims.
Most of the current outbreak is focused in a hard -woven minonite community, which faces similar weaknesses like the Orthodox Jewish communities in New York.
“What I felt was very effective in making links, and eventually, in many places, the increase in the rate of safety is a culturally capable teamwork because people are opposed to what others do to do what they feel, they do not understand them or their beliefs.”
