Rwanda -backed rebels after occupying the Goma city of Congress in 2012, powerful countries around the world registered their disapproval, which announced sanctions against Rwanda and other measures, which led to rebels a year later. The defeat was defeated.
When the same rebel was fighting to occupy Goma on Sunday, several countries once again expressed their criticism, but they have not yet applied the pressure level on Rwanda, which eventually led to the rebels. Standing more than a decade ago.
Since hundreds of thousands of civilians have escaped from growing violence in recent days, in search of sanctity in Goma, the rebel group M3 was behind them. M33, which the United Nations and others say are financing and armed by Rwanda, announced that it had arrested Goma in early Monday.
Now, with the destiny of the city in balance, analysts say a dispute that can be considered with strong international pressure against Rwanda, rather than it is out of control. UN experts say Rwanda has more than 4,000 troops in East Congo who support M33 advance. The president of Rwanda, Paul Kagam’s government, shows his intention to occupy the land and rewrite the map of the Congo, and so far, beyond issuing heat, Western countries have barely reacted.
Mr Kagam has denied that Rwanda is armed M23, or that his army is in the Democratic Republic of Congo. He says the M33 is merely defending the rights of the Congo minority Toxis – Mr Kagama’s own ethnic group, which was the main target of Rwanda’s 1994 genocide. Most analysts say it is an excuse to occupy the Congoli area and rob its vast minerals.
According to the Foreign Ministry, in a call with Congo’s President Felix Schicidey on Monday, Foreign Secretary Marco Rubio condemned the attack on Goma through Rwanda -backed M32 and according to the United States Department of State, United States. Confirming America’s respect for KDRC’s sovereignty. “
Earlier, Britain and France had condemned Rwanda’s presence in East Congo. On Monday, UN Secretary -General, Antonio Guterres Is called For the first time, for Rwanda troops to withdraw from East Congo.
Some analysts say that Mr Kaga’s small Central African nation has spent the past decade to reinforce its reputation among Western powers, which is useful for approval soon. The European Union signed a strategic mineral agreement with Rwanda last year, indicated Rights groups accuses that this dispute is giving air.
Rwanda, with a population of only 14 million people, Currently cooperates The second largest number of peacekeepers to the United Nations. Starting in 2021, its troops defeated jihadist insurgency in an area of Mozambique where a French oil company has a $ 20 billion gas project. Rwanda has also shown a Willingness To seek political asylum seekers from Europe, they offer to help deal with a problem that has given the continent’s right movements.
And for years, Rwanda has been seen by Western donors as an example of a textbook on how to get aid using aid to benefit economic growth and development, while styling itself. Singapore of Africa.
“The powerful Western countries have long been withdrawing about punishing Rwanda,” said Dino Mehtani, a former UN peacekeeping mission in the Congo, which has gained fame as Donor Darling. “Although some are now calling for M33 supporters, they are unlikely that they see a military solution against the jihadists in Mozambique.”
On the other hand, Congo has been written regularly as a desperate case, Giant In Africa, warfare, corruption and suffering.
And the problem is too much.
Holding a toddler and trying to keep his other children close, Sifa Kago arrived on Sunday, just before the rebel takeover, Goma, not going anywhere. He had given birth only five days ago, but when he fought around his village, he had to run away.
Millions of Cangolis like Ms Kago have been forced to abandon their homes, just last week, only millions of displaced. The bomb has fallen They had a house on the camps. Sexual violence, which has long been used as a war weapon in Congo, has recently increased, reached The record level Last year, after the M33, he started his recent push.
“When will the international community stop blindly to the Congress tragedy, and to accept or tolerate international law and human rights violations?” Asked Dennis McVege, a specialist, who treated thousands of rape victims in the Congo and won the 2018 Nobel Peace Prize.
More than 21 million people in the Congo-nearly Fifth F-fifth-fifth-aid are needed. But humanitarian activists have warned that the new Trump administration’s actions can deepen the country in the crisis. After assuming power, President Trump issued an executive order that instructed 90 days of frozen on all foreign aid, which was reviewed. 68.8 % last year All human aid Congo came from the United States.
It’s also Rwanda The largest two -way donorAccording to some analysts, in 2023, the country is giving more than 8 188 million. Now this aid has been withheld, according to some analysts, the United States may be in a weak position to impress Rwanda.
In 2012, after the first occupation of the Goma of M33, President Barack Obama Mr. Kagama is called And urged him to stop supporting the rebels.
Recently, Western countries have taken some action against M23: In 2023, the United States and the European Union Imposed Some Rwanda and Congress Military Commanders and US sanctions on the conflict Suspend Military aid to Rwanda last year.
On Tuesday, the German Ministry of Development Ministry suspended aid talks with Rwanda officials. But this week, many Congress, including protesters in several cities, says the European Union and the United States need more work to stop Mr Kagam.
The exploitation of rare minerals in Rwanda Congo has been detailed in several UN reports. Last year, M23 occupied an area around Rubia, Congress, which is rich in Colon, used in cell phones and computers.
UN experts said in December that at least 150 tonnes of Colton was illegally recovered to Rwanda and was mixed with Rwanda production. Last month, Congo filed criminal complaints against Apple’s subsidiaries in France and Belgium, alleging that the controversial minerals were used in the Congo.
Analysts say that under the guidance of M33, Rwanda, seeking to occupy the Congo for a long period of time, behaving in the ways that he suggests that they are to establish an administrative state, collect taxes and collect taxes. He plans to impose fines on residents. “It seems that it is a long game of regional achievement,” said Mr Mehtani, a former UN peacekeeping mission.
The Congo capital, Kanshasa, on Tuesday, attacked several foreign embassies and a UN building in the Congo’s allies, when anti -Round protesters failed to stop the M33’s advance. Protests also started in Bokovo, a major city south of Goma, which is believed to have some Congress officers escaped. Many Boko’s inhabitants fear that they are the next target of the rebels.
Some observers see the region’s peace talks organized by the nations, including Angola, as a great hope to end violence. Secretary Rubio said Monday that the talks should resume as soon as possible. Kenya’s President William Roto said Tuesday that Mr Kagame and Mr Cescadi had agreed to attend the emergency summit to deal with the situation on Wednesday.
While these discussions increase, millions of frightened people who cover Goma are nowhere to go anywhere.
Even those who have beds for gold do not sleep, said Mina Kanguri, director of regional humanitarian sympathy at Agency Care International, who described the permanent firing hearing in the city. “They are still awake, waiting with surprised breaths, wondering what’s ahead,” he said.
Allen Palletter Reporting was contributed.
